Magawo Atatu Ofunika Kwambiri Posankha Zipangizo

Posankha zida zochotsera madzi, njira yotulutsira madzi, kuchuluka kwa matope odyetsera, ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zouma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri.

Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu:kuchuluka konse kwa matope omwe amalowa mu chipangizo chochotsera madzi pa ola limodzi.

Kuchuluka kwa matope odyetsedwa:gawo la zinthu zolimba zomwe zili mu matope zomwe zimaperekedwa mu chipangizo chochotsera madzi.

Kulemera kwa zinthu zolimba zouma:kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolimba zouma zomwe zimapezeka pochotsa madzi onse kuchokera ku matope omwe atulutsidwa.

Mwachidziwitso, magawo atatu awa akhoza kusinthidwa:

Kuchuluka kwa madzi × Kuchuluka kwa matope odyetsedwa = Kulemera kwa zinthu zolimba zouma

Mwachitsanzo, ndi mphamvu ya 40 m³/h komanso kuchuluka kwa matope odyetsedwa a 1%, katundu wouma wolemera ukhoza kuwerengedwa motere:

40 × 1% = matani 0.4

Mwanjira yabwino, kudziwa magawo awiri mwa awa kumathandiza kuti gawo lachitatu liwerengedwe, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha zida.

Komabe, m'mapulojekiti enieni, kudalira pa mtengo wowerengedwa kokha kungalepheretse zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zili pamalopo, zomwe zingayambitse kusagwirizana kwa zida kapena magwiridwe antchito osakwanira.

Zotsatira za Kuchuluka kwa Madzi Otayirira

Mwachizolowezi, kuchuluka kwa matope a chakudya kumakhudza gawo lomwe limakhala patsogolo pakusankha:

- Pakuchuluka kochepa kwa chakudya, chisamaliro chachikulu chiyenera kuperekedwa kukuchuluka kwa nthawi pa unit.

- Pakuchuluka kwa chakudya chochuluka,Kulemera kwa zinthu zolimba zouma nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri posankha zingasiyane malinga ndi momwe polojekiti ikuyendera. Pa nthawi yofunsa mafunso, zinthu zomwe makasitomala amaika patsogolo nthawi zambiri zimasiyana ndi zomwe mainjiniya azidziwitso amafunika kutsimikizira asanapereke mtengo.

Kuyang'ana Makasitomala Panthawi Yofunsa Mafunso

Makasitomala akamafunsa za zida zochotsera madzi, nthawi zambiri amaganizira kwambiri izi:

- Chitsanzo kapena zofunikira za zida

- Kaya mphamvu ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zawo

- Mtengo woyerekeza wa bajeti

Makasitomala ena akhoza kukhala ndi malingaliro oyamba okhudza mtundu wa zida kapena zofunikira, monga kukula kwa lamba kapena ukadaulo womwe amakonda, ndipo amayembekezera mtengo wofulumira.

Mfundo izi ndi gawo labwinobwino pakupanga polojekiti ndipo zimakhala poyambira kulumikizana.

Zambiri Zokhudza Mainjiniya Ayenera Kutsimikizira

Asanamalize kulemba mawu ndi mayankho, mainjiniya nthawi zambiri amafunika kutsimikizira zambiri za polojekiti kuti amvetsetse bwino zomwe zikuchitika ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zidazo zasankhidwa bwino.

Mtundu wa matope

Madzi ochokera m'malo osiyanasiyana amasiyana malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili komanso momwe zimakhalira zovuta pochiza.

Dothi la m'mizinda ndi m'mafakitale nthawi zambiri limasiyana malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, komanso momwe limayankhira pakuchotsa madzi m'nthaka.

Kuzindikira mtundu wa matope kumathandiza mainjiniya kuwunika bwino momwe zida zilili.

Mikhalidwe ya Chakudya ndi Kuchuluka kwa Chinyezi Chofunikira

Mikhalidwe ya chakudya imatsimikiza kuchuluka kwa ntchito, pomwe chinyezi chomwe mukufuna chimatanthauzira zofunikira pakuchotsa madzi.

Mapulojekiti osiyanasiyana angakhale ndi ziyembekezo zosiyana za chinyezi cha keke, zomwe zimakhudza zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa.

Kufotokozera bwino momwe chakudya chimakhalira komanso chinyezi chomwe chili pamalopo kumathandiza mainjiniya kuwunika momwe ntchitoyo ikuyendera kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zipangizo Zotsukira Madzi Zomwe Zilipo Pamalopo

Kutsimikizira ngati zida zochotsera madzi zayikidwa kale, komanso ngati pulojekitiyi ikukulitsa mphamvu kapena kuyika koyamba, kumathandiza mainjiniya kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe polojekitiyi ikufuna.

Malingaliro osankha ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakusintha zinthu zitha kusiyana kutengera momwe zinthu zilili, ndipo kufotokozera koyambirira kumachepetsa kusintha komwe kumachitika pambuyo pake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuphatikizana kosalala.

Zofunikira pa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Madzi ndi Mankhwala

Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi mankhwala ndi ndalama zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito pochotsa madzi m'thupi.

Mapulojekiti ena ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri pa ndalama zogwirira ntchito panthawi yosankha, zomwe zimakhudza momwe zida zimakhazikitsidwira komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito.

Kumvetsetsa koyambirira kumathandiza mainjiniya kuti azitha kulinganiza magwiridwe antchito ndi mtengo wake poyesa kufananiza mayankho.

Mikhalidwe Yokhudza Malo Omwe Ali

Asanasankhe zida ndi mayankho ofanana, mainjiniya nthawi zambiri amafufuza momwe malo a fakitale yamadzi otayira alili kuti adziwe momwe angakhazikitsire, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kukonza:

Malo oyika ndi kapangidwe kake:malo omwe alipo, malo olowera, ndi mwayi wolowera.

Kuphatikiza njira:malo a chipangizo chochotsera madzi mkati mwa njira yochizira.

Kugwira ntchito ndi kasamalidwe:machitidwe osinthira ndi machitidwe oyang'anira.

Zothandizira ndi maziko:magetsi, madzi/madzi otayira madzi, ndi mabungwe aboma.

Mtundu wa polojekiti:kapangidwe katsopano kapena kukonzanso, zomwe zimakhudza zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pakupanga.

Kufunika kwa Kulankhulana Koyenera Koyambirira

Ngati zinthu zomwe zikuchitika pa polojekitiyi sizikufotokozedwa mokwanira panthawi yofunsa mafunso, mavuto otsatirawa angabuke:

- Kuchuluka kwa chithandizo chenicheni kumasiyana ndi zomwe zimayembekezeredwa

- Kusintha kwa magawo pafupipafupi kumafunika panthawi yogwira ntchito

- Kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama zolumikizirana ndi kugwirizanitsa panthawi yogwira ntchito ya polojekiti

Mavuto oterewa samachitika chifukwa cha zida zokha koma nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kusadziwa zambiri koyambirira.

Chifukwa chake, njira yotetezeka kwambiri ndiyo kufotokozera kaye momwe polojekitiyi ikuyendera, kenako kugwirizanitsa zida ndi mayankho ndi momwe ntchito ikuyendera.

Kulankhulana koyambirira bwino kumaonetsetsa kuti zida zikugwirizana ndi zofunikira pamalopo, kukonza kulondola kwa kusankha, kuchepetsa kusintha kwamtsogolo, ndikupangitsa kuti ntchito ya polojekiti ikhale yosavuta komanso yokhazikika.